Vapor-burner.



No. 738,922. PATENTED SEPT. 15, 1903. J; LAWSON & J. E. DANIELS. VAPOR BURNER.

APPLICATION rnmn JULY 30. 1902.

no MODEL.

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PATENTED SEPT} 1-5, 1903. J. LAWSON & J. E. DANIELS.

VAPOR BURNER APPLICATION IILIBD' JULY 30, 1902.

2 BHEETS-SHEET,2.

N0 MODEL.

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PATENT OFFICE.

VAPOR-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 738,922, dated September 15, 1903. Application filed July 30, 1902: serial No. 117,699. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, J OHN LAWSON and JOHN E.DANIELs,cit izens of the United States, residing at Calais, in the county of Washington and State of Maine, have invented a new and useful Vapor-Burner, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to that class of hydrocarbon-burners which are especially adapted for utilizing kerosene-oil as a fuel; and it has for its object to provide a device of this class which shall possess superior advantages in point of simplicity, durability, and general efficiency, in which the fuel-oil shall be completely vaporized or gasified, so that it shall burn with a clear bright flame free from smoke, in which the flame shall .be capable of being regulated to a wide extent, even to the extent of keeping it burning low over night, and which by reason of its general construction shall be specially adapted to supply heat for generating steam in the boilers of motor-vehicles.

With these and other objects in view our invention consists in the improved construction, arrangement, and operation of parts, which Will be hereinafter fully described, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a Vapor-burner constructed in accordance with our invention. Fig. 2 is a plan View of the same. Fig. 3 is a perspective detail view, partly in section, of a portion of the device. Fig. 4 is a perspective View, partly in section, showing our improved burner or generator located in what we shall term the furnace-pan, together with the auxiliary burners. Fig. 5 is a front view of said furnace-pan ,showin g the burnerpipes, the connecting-pipes, the valves, and valve connections, together with the steamvalve operated in connection with the burnervalves. Y

Corresponding partsin the severalfigures are indicated by like characters of reference.

In carrying out our invention we construct a bowl 1 of suitable shape and dimensions. In the accompanying drawings this bowl has been illustrated as being cylindrical in shape, as we deem this to be the most convenient. This bowl, which should be made of sheetsteel or other metal which will not be injuriously effected by the high degree of heat to which it will be subjected in practice, is pro- Vided near its lower end. with a laterally-extending pipe 2, the outer end of which is frictionally connected with another tightlyfitting pipe or tube 3.

4 designates the oil-pipe, which is connected at one end with the oil-tank 5, which should bedisposed at a suitable elevation to cause the oil to flow readily, or it may be so constructed as to receive an air-pressure sufficient to cause its contents to fiow into the pipe 4. Means of this kind are well known and require no further description. 4 is provided with a valve 6, whereby the flow of oil may be controlled. A portion of the pipe 4 is coiled spirally to form a fiat coil 7, which is disposed in the upper end of the bowl 1. The end of the pipe 4 issuing from the bowl we shall designate as the vaporpipe and identify itby the numeral 8.

The outer end of the vapor-pipe has a downward extension 9, which is provided with a valve 10, the stem 11 of which is provided with a handle 12. The pipe 9 is extended into the pipe 2, with which it is connected detachably, but as tightly as possible, the pipes 2 and 3 being provided with registering slots 13 and 14, embracing the said pipe 9. The lower end of the latter is provided with a jettube containing a needle-valve 15, extending through the pipe 2 in the direction of the bowl 1 and the stem 16 of which projects through an opening in the outer closed end of the pipe 3 and is provided with a handle 17. Suitably mounted upon the end of the pipe 3 is a cap 18, having an opening for the passage of the valve-stem and provided with a series of perforations 19, adapted to register with corresponding perforations 20in the air-supply tube or chamber :3, the admission of air into which may thus be regulated by slightly turning the cap 18, so as to. cover or partially or wholly uncover the openings 20.

It will be observed'that the tubes 2and 3 constitute, respectively, a mixing-chamber and an air-supply tube, within whichan inlet-valve to the device is disposed. It will be further observed that the supply of air to The pipe the said mixing-chamber is regulated by I.

means of the cap Band that the air is admitted in rear of the inlet-valve, the body or casing of which latter is wholly inclosed within said mixing-chamber. The operation of this part of our invention is as follows: A small quantity of alcohol or other readily-ignitable liquid is poured into the bowl 1 and ignited, thus heating the spiral coil of the pipe 4. \Vhen the latter has been sufficiently heated, the oil may be slowly admitted by opening the valve 6, and in. its passage through the spiral coil 7 it is highly heated and vaporized, issuing through the pipes 8 9 and the needle-valve 15 in the state ofa vapor, the combustibility of which is greatly increased by the admixture of air, which enters through the controllable inlets at the outer end of the tube 3. This vapor on entering the bowl 1 becomes ignited by contact with the initial-fiame therein and continues the heating of the spiral coil 7, which soon becomes red, thus quickly vaporizing the oil which may be admitted to said coil. As the heat becomes more intense the relative supply of oil and air may be increased, while, on the other hand, if but a small flame is required the valves may be readily adjusted so as to decrease the flame to any desired extent.

Our invention in the form which has been just described is capable of being used independently, as will be readily understood, and when thus used it may be provided with suitable supporting or incasing means, as will be readily understood. Our prime object, how-' ever, is to render the device specially available as a steam-heating device for the boilers of motor-vehicles, small boats, and the like, where it shall be desirable to be able to get up steam very quickly and at short notice without involving the wasteful use of fuel and where it is also of extreme importance that the heating means should be as compact as possible. In such connection we avail ourselves of means illustrated in Figs. 4: and 5 of the drawings and which we shall now proceed to more fully describe.

22 designates a shallow pan, which we call the furnace-pan and which is preferably constructed of sheet-steel and of a height amply sufficient to accommodate the bowl 1 of the burner when the latter shall be placed therein, although the said pan is of a superficial area greatly exceeding that of the burner-bowl, which is accommodated in a corner or in any other desired location within said pan, where, if desired, it may be socured or made fast in any suitable manner. The front side of the pan 22 is provided with a plurality of openings 23, each of proper size to accommodate the tube 2, extending from the bowl 1, which said tube extends through one of the said openings, as will be seen in the drawings, the burner-bowl 1 having been placed in one of the front corners of said pan. The upper front edge of the pan is also provided with recesses 24 to receive the oil-supply pipe 4 and the vapor-' v dependently of the auxiliary burners.

pipe 8, respectively, which are connected inprecisely the manner which has already been described with reference to Figs. 1, 2, and 3 of the drawings. Be it understood that it is intended to use only a single burner-bowl in connection with the furnacepan, although we do not wish to be regarded as limiting ourselves in this respect. The furnace-pan is provided with a cover 25, having a plurality of perforations 26 and provided just above the burner-bowl 1 with the detachable or hinge portion 27, which may be removed or swung out of the way when desired in order to supply the igniting fluid to the bowl. In each of the remaining openings 23 of the furnace-pan we arrange a mixing-tube 28, constructed in all essentials like the mixing tubeor chamberextending from thebowlland comprising members 2 and 3 and provided withallthepartsrelated to saidtube-namely, the needle-valve,theextension-tube,theperforated cap controlling the admission of air, the valve-stem extending throughsaid cap,and the vapor-supply tube, the latter being in this instance designated 9. The vapor-pipe 8, issuing from the burner placed within the furnace-pan, is provided with a branch 29, having connection with each of the vaporpipes 9, and each of the latter is provided with a valve 30, the stem 31 of which has an operating-lever 32. The operating-levers 32 of each of the mixing-tubes 28 are connected bya pivotal connecting-rod 33, and one of said levers is furthermore extended to form a handle 34, by means of which the entire vset of valves 30 may be simultaneously adjusted to regulate the discharge of vapor through the pipes 9. The connecting-rod 33 is extended at one end and is connected with the operating lever 0r handle 35 of the valve 36, controlling the discharge of steam through the steam-pipe 37, in which said valve is located, the adjustment being such that when the steam-passage is reduced the passage of vapor through the pipes 9 and to the needlevalves within the pipes 28 shall be cor-respondingly reduced. The oil-supply, as heretofore, is regulated by the valve 6, and the admission of vapor through the pipe 9 to the needle-valve within the pipe 2 is regulated, as heretofore, by means of the valve 10, in-

The operation of this part of our invention will be readily understood. When the burner 2 is in operation, having been started in the manner already described, vapor may be taken through the branch pipe 29 and conveyed to themixing-tubes 28, the vapor-supply being regulated by properly adjusting the valves 30, the stems of which, being-eonnected as described, may receive simultaneous adjustment. The needle-valves in the auxiliary burners do not as a rule require adjustment, but are easily accessible at any time in order to free them from possible obstruotions lodging therein. Vapor entering through themixing-tubes 28 will be quickly the boiler, which is disposed above.

ignited by the overlapping flames from the burner 2, which will naturally overlap the edge of the bowl 1, and the furnace-pan will thus soon become intensely heated, the flames issuing through the perforations 26 in the cover 25 and quickly heating the contents of The degree andiutensity of the heat is capable of bein g very closely regulated by the valve system herein described, and whenever desired the supply of vapor to the auxiliary burners may be out off entirely, as will be readily understood. Thus, for instance, ifit shall be desired to keep the fires low during the night or at any other time the fuel-supply to the auxiliary burners may be shut off entirely and the supply of vapor to the needle-valve in the burnertube 2 may be reduced to any desired extent, not merely by meansof the reducing-valve 10, but by adjusting the position of the inletvalve until only sufflcient fire is kept up to enable a quick start to be made at any time desired.

Those skilled in the art to which our invention appertains will readily notice that many departures may be made from the construction of the device as herein described and illustrated without materially changing the invention. We would have it distinctly understood, therefore, that we do not regard ourselves as limited to the structural details herein set forth, but reserve to ourselves the right to all changes, modifications, and alterations which may be made without detracting from the utility or departing from the spirit and scope of our invention.

Having thus described our invention, we claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States 1. In a hydrocarbon-burner, a mixing-tube and an air-supply tube slidably connected and provided at their meeting edges with slots, in

combination with a vapor-supply pipe engaged by and clampedbetween said slots,

and a jet-tube provided with a needle-valve and supported by and in communication with said supply-pipe within the mixing-chamber.

2. In a hydrocarbon-burner, a generatorcup having a laterally-extending pipe constituting a mixing-chamber, a tubular extension mounted slidingly in said pipe and constituting an air-supply chamber, a controllable airinlet at the outer end of said tubular extension consisting of a revoluble cap having openings adapted to register with openings in the tube, a vapor-supply pipe extending through registering slots in the tubes, a jettube provided with a needle-valve and supported by and in communication with said vapor-supply pipe, said needle-valve having a stem, extending through the revoluble cap of the air-inlet tube, and a vaporizing-coil disposed in the upper end of the generatorcup and having its ends connected with the fuel-supply and with the vapor-pipe'carrying the jet-tube.

3. In a device of the class described, a furnace-pan having a foraminous cover, a plurality of tubes extending through the front walls of said pan, tubular extensions mounted slidably in said tubes and having controllable air-inlets at their outer ends, said tubes and tubular extensions being provided with registering slots at their meeting ends, vaportubes extending through and clamped in said slots and carrying jet-tubes provided with needle-valves, the stems of which extend through revoluble caps forming part of the controllable air-inlets, a supply-pipe connecting the vapor-pipes, and means forsimult'aneously controlling the passage of vapor through 

